ʻO ka electron kahi ʻano o ke kinona pae me kahi nuipa a me ka uku maikaʻi ʻole. Hiki iā ia ke hana i ʻelua mau ʻano neʻe; e neʻe kekahi ma ka orbit a puni ka nucleus, a ʻo kekahi e wili i kahi axis e hele ana i waena o kona kikowaena. No ka neʻe ʻana o ka electrons i nā manawa, hana ʻia nā au a me nā manawa ʻume mākenēki i ka neʻe ʻana. I ka mahele mau uila H i noi ʻia, hana ka manawa manamana o ka uila e like me ke koʻokoʻo magnet liʻiliʻi a nila paha. Ma muli o ka helu o ka helu uila o ka electron he 1/2, he ʻelua wale no kuhi ʻana o ka electron i ka pā kūlohelohe o waho: ua like kekahi me H, kūlike i ka pae ikehu haʻahaʻa, ʻo ka ikehu ka -1 / 2gβH; hoʻokahi antiparallel i H, kūlike i ka pae ikehu kiʻekiʻe, ʻo + 1 / 2gβH ka ikehu, a ʻo ka ʻokoʻa ma waena o nā pae ʻelua he gβH. Inā ma ke ʻaoʻao kūlike i H, hoʻokomo ʻia ka nalu electromagnetic o ke alapine v e hālāwai me ke kūlana o ka hv = gβH, lawe nā electrons haʻahaʻa pae uila i ka ikehu hawewe electromagnetic a lele i ka pae ikehu kiʻekiʻe, i kapa ʻia ka resonance uila paramagnetic. .