I loko o nā makahiki he 10 i hala aku nei, ua hāʻawi nā hāmeʻa hoʻokele i kahi kekelē alakaʻi o ke kīpē ma mua o ka hana neurosurgical. Hoʻohālikelike ka hoʻomohala ʻana o nā neurosurgery alakaʻi ʻia i ke kiʻi i kahi hoʻomaikaʻi nui i ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa microsurgical o nā tumors, nā malformations vascular, a me nā liona intracerebral ʻē aʻe. Hāʻawi ia i kahi ʻoi aku ka pololei ma ka localization o ka leona, kahi ʻoi aku ka pololei o ka hoʻoholo ʻana i kāna palena, a me ka hemo ʻana o kahi ʻoki palekana, e pale ana i ka hōʻeha ʻana i kaʻiʻo lolo e pili ana.

ʻO nā kiʻi resonance ʻume mākeneka he nui nā pōmaikaʻi nui e like me ke kiʻi multi-parameter, ka nānā ʻana i ke ʻano kūpono, ka hoʻonā kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe, ka ʻokoʻa o nā kiko momona maikaʻi, ʻaʻohe iwi artefact iwi, a ʻaʻohe pōʻino o ka radiation. Hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ultrasound, X-ray, CT a me nā ʻenehana alakaʻi alakaʻi kiʻi ʻē aʻe, ʻike nui ʻia ke alakaʻi MRI e nā mea hoʻohana a me nā kālaiʻike.